กีวีผลไม้มหัศจรรย์.

กีวีเป็นผลไม้ของนิซีแลนด์(อันที่จริงมีถิ่นกำเนิดในจีน)ที่เป็น
แหล่งสำคัญของแอนติออกซิแดนท์ ไฟโตเคมิคอและใยอาหาร
กีวีแต่ละผลมีวิตามินซีต่อกรัมมากกว่าส้ม มีใยอาหารมากกว่า
ขนมปังธัญพืช 1 แผ่นและมีโพแทสเซียมในระดับใกล้เคียงกับกล้วย
หอม 1 ลูกนอกจากนียังเหมาะกับการเป็นของว่างทานด่วน เพราะ
เพียงตัดครึ่งก็ใช้ช้อนตักเนื้อเข้าปากได้แล้ว กีวี 1 ผลมีพลังงานเพียง
38-48 กิโลแคลอรี่

France

France (French: IPA: [fʁɑ̃s]), officially the French Republic (French: République française, IPA: [ʁepyˈblik fʁɑ̃ˈsɛz]), is a country whose metropolitan territory is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various overseas islands and territories located in other continents.[11] Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. French people often refer to Metropolitan France as L'Hexagone (The "Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory.
France is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Andorra, and Spain. Due to its overseas departments, France also shares land borders with Brazil and Suriname (bordering French Guiana), and the Netherlands Antilles (bordering Saint-Martin). France is also linked to the United Kingdom by the Channel Tunnel, which passes underneath the English Channel.
The French Republic is a democracy that is organised as a unitary semi-presidential republic. Its main ideals are expressed in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. It is a developed country with the sixth-largest economy in the world.[12] France is the most visited country in the world, receiving over 79 million foreign tourists annually (including business visitors, but excluding people staying less than 24 hours in France).[13] France is one of the founding members of the European Union, and has the largest land area of all members. France is also a founding member of the United Nations, and a member of the Francophonie, the G8, and the Latin Union. It is one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council; it is also an acknowledged nuclear power.
The name France originates from the Franks (Francs), a Germanic tribe that occupied northern Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. More precisely, the region around Paris, called Île-de-France, was the original French royal demesne. The first King of the Franks, Clovis, is regarded as the forefather of the French kings.

Geography

While Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe, France also has a number of territories in North America, the Caribbean, South America, the southern Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and Antarctica.[15] These territories have varying forms of government ranging from overseas department to overseas collectivity.
Metropolitan France covers 551,695 square kilometres (213,010 sq mi) and possesses a wide variety of landscapes, from coastal plains in the north and west to mountain ranges of the Alps in the south-east, the Massif Central in the south-central and Pyrenees in the south-west. At 4,807 metres (15,770 ft) above sea-level, the highest point in Western Europe, Mont Blanc, is situated in the Alps on the border between France and Italy.[16] Metropolitan France also has extensive river systems such as the Loire, the Garonne, the Seine and the Rhône, which divides the Massif Central from the Alps and flows into the Mediterranean sea at the Camargue, the lowest point in France (2 m / 6.5 ft below sea level).[16] Corsica lies off the Mediterranean coast.

Satellite picture of metropolitan France, August 2002
France's total land area, with its overseas departments and territories (excluding Adélie Land), is 674,843 square kilometres (260,558 sq mi), 0.45% of the total land area on Earth. However, France possesses the second-largest Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the world, covering 11,035,000 square kilometres (4,260,000 sq mi), approximately 8% of the total surface of all the EEZs of the world, just behind the United States (11,351,000 km² / 4,383,000 sq mi) and ahead of Australia (8,232,000 km² / 3,178,000 sq mi).[17]
Metropolitan France is situated between 41° and 50° North, on the western edge of Europe and thus lies within the northern temperate zone. The north and northwest have a temperate climate, however, a combination of maritime influences, latitude and altitude produce a varied climate in the rest of Metropolitan France.[18] In the south-east a Mediterranean climate prevails. In the west, the climate is predominantly oceanic with a high level of rainfall, mild winters and cool summers. Inland the climate becomes more continental with hot, stormy summers, colder winters and less rain. The climate of the Alps and other mountainous regions are mainly alpine in nature with the number of days with temperatures below freezing over 150 per year and snowcover lasting for up to six months.

Yoghurt

Yoghurt or yogurt, or less commonly yoghourt or yogourt (see spelling below), is a dairy product produced by bacterial fermentation of milk. Fermentation of the milk sugar (lactose) produces lactic acid, which acts on milk protein to give yoghurt its texture and its characteristic tang. Yoghurt substitutes can be made from soya milk.

History

There is evidence of cultured milk products being produced as food for at least 4,500 years since the 3rd millennium BC. The earliest yoghurts were probably spontaneously fermented by wild bacteria living on the goat skin bags carried by the Bulgars (or Hunno-Bulgars), a nomadic people who began migrating into Europe in the 2nd century AD and eventually settled in the Balkans at the end of the 7th century. Today, many different countries claim yoghurt as their own, yet there is no clear evidence as to where it was first discovered.
The use of yoghurt by ancient Turks is recorded in the books Diwan Lughat al-Turk by Mahmud Kashgari and Kutadgu Bilig by Yusuf Has Hajib written in the 11th century. In both texts the word "yoghurt" is mentioned in different sections and its use by nomadic Turks is described. The first account of a European encounter with yoghurt occurs in French clinical history: Francis I suffered from a severe diarrhoea which no French doctor could cure. His ally Suleiman the Magnificent sent a doctor, who allegedly cured the patient with yoghurt.
Until the 1900s, yoghurt was a staple in diets of the South Asian, Central Asian, Western Asian, South Eastern European and Central European regions. The Russian biologist Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov had an unproven hypothesis that regular consumption of yoghurt was responsible for the unusually long lifespans of Bulgarian peasants. Believing Lactobacillus to be essential for good health, Mechnikov worked to popularise yoghurt as a foodstuff throughout Europe. It fell to a Sephardic Jewish entrepreneur named Isaac Carasso to industrialise the production of yoghurt. In 1919, Carasso, who was from Salonika, started a small yoghurt business in Barcelona and named the business Danone ("little Daniel") after his son. Carasso emigrated to the United States during World War II and set up a business in New York City under an Americanised version of the name: Dannon.
Yoghurt with added fruit jam was invented to protect yoghurt from decay. It was patented in 1933 by the Radlická Mlékárna dairy in Prague, and introduced to the United States in 1947, by Dannon.

ประวัติเชียร์

ประวัติเชียร์ ส่วนตั๊ว ส่วนตัว ชื่อ ฑิฆัมพร ฤทธิ์ธาอภินันท์

ชื่อเล่น เชียร์ (CHEER)

วันเกิด วันพุธวันแม่ 12 ส.ค.2530

สถานที่ รพ.กรุงเทพคริสเตียน

เชื้อชาติ ไทยแต่มีเชื้อจีนแต้จิ๋ว

อายุ 16 ปี

พี่น้อง 3 คน พี่ชาย 1 คนน้องชาย 1 คน

ส่วนสูง 171 ซ.ม. น้ำหนัก 50 กก.

สัดส่วน เสื้อผ้าไซด์ M รองเท้าเบอร์ 7-8

การแต่งตัว ง่ายๆเสื้อยืดกางเกงยีนส์

นิสัย โกรธง่ายหายเร็ว เรียบง่ายไม่จุกจิก

สีที่ชอบ -

การศึกษา กำลังเรียนสายวิทย์ ม.5 รร.ศึกษานารี

ผลงาน เป็นมิสทีนไทยแลนด์ 2002

โฆษณา แบรนด์ ที่มี เจ เจตริน

มิวสิควีดีโอวงพิงค์ (อาร์เอสฯ)เพลงเธอเป็นคนแบบนี้ตั้งแต่เมื่อไหร่

ละคร - ละคร เบญจาคีตาความรัก ช่อง 7

ร้องเพลงประกอบละครเรื่องนี้ เพลงไม่อยากรบกวน-

ละคร รักได้ไหมถ้าหัวใจไม่เพี้ยน ช่อง 7-

ละครอุ่นไอรัก ช่อง 7

ดาราที่ชื่นชอบ พิม ซาซ่า

นักการเมืองที่ชื่นชม พ.ต.ท.ทักษิน ชินวัตร

อนาคต นักโภชนาการอาหาร

งานอดิเรก ออกกำลังกาย เล่นกีฬาบาสเก็ตบอล

เกลียด ตะขาบ,คนนินทา

ศิลปินโปรด นพ พรชำนิ,พิม ซาซ่า

อาหารที่ชอบ พาสต้าต่างๆ

ประทับใจที่สุด ได้ตำแหน่งมิสทีนไทยแลนด์ 2002

เสียใจที่สุด พี่ชายลูกพี่ลูกน้องเสียชีวิต

ความใฝ่ฝัน แต่ก่อนอยากเป็นทันตแพทย์ตอนนี้เปลี่ยนใจกำลังค้นหา

บทบาทที่อยากเล่น โรคจิตหน่อยๆ

เพื่อนสนิทในวงการ การ์ตูน อินทิรา,พี่เจี้ยบ ชมพูนุช,พี่จิ๊บ คีตภัทร์

ของสะสม รูปถ่ายตัวเอง

สถานที่ท่องเที่ยวที่อยากไป ชอบทะเลสวยๆทางภาคใต้

คติประจำใจ ไม่เสียใจในสิ่งที่ทำไปแล้ว

เสปก ไม่แน่นอนเปลี่ยนแปลงไปตามวันเวลา

ที่อยู่ บ.ดาราวีดีโอ, บ.โมเดลเวิร์ค จก.27/12 ซ.ศูนย์วิจัย 4ถ.พระราม 9 แขวงบางกะปิ ห้วงขวาง กทม. 10310

ไอศกรีม

ไอศกรีม, ไอศครีม (ice cream) หรือเรียกกันโดยทั่วไปว่า ไอติม เป็นของหวานแช่แข็งชนิดหนึ่ง ได้จากการผสมส่วนผสม นำไปผ่านการฆ่าเชื้อ แล้วนั้นนำไปปั่นในที่เย็นจัด (freezing) เพื่อเติมอากาศเข้าไปพร้อม ๆ กับการลดอุณหภูมิ โดยอาศัยเครื่องปั่นไอศกรีม (freezer) ไอศกรีมตักโดยทั่วไปจะต้องผ่านขั้นตอนการแช่เยือกแข็งอีกครั้งก่อนนำมาขายหรือรับประทาน

ส่วนผสมโดยทั่วไปของไอศกรีม

- ไขมัน อาจได้จากสัตว์ (ไขมันนม) หรือ จากพืช (ไขมันพืช) ก็ได้ ไขมันเป็นตัวทำให้เกิดเนื้อสัมผัส รสชาติ และกลิ่นรส ที่ดี เนื่องจากไขมันจะช่วยทำให้เกิดฟองอากาศที่เล็กและละเอียด
- ธาตุน้ำนมไม่รวมมันเนย (milk solid not fat, MSNF) ได้แก่ แลคโตส โปรตีน และ เกลือแร่ต่างๆ เป็นตัวเพิ่มเนื้อให้กับไอศกรีม
- สารให้ความหวาน (sweetener) มักนิยมใช้ น้ำตาลทราย และสารให้ความหวานอีกหลายชนิด เพื่อปรับจุดเยือกแข็งของไอศกรีมให้เหมาะสม
- น้ำ และ อากาศ
- สารที่ทำให้คงตัว (stabilizer)ช่วยให้ไอศกรีมมีความคงตัว ละลายได้ช้าลง และมีเนื้อสัมผัสที่ดีขึ้น
- สารอีมัลซิไฟเออร์ (emulzifier)ที่ช่วยให้น้ำและไขมันไม่แยกชั้นออกจากกัน
- สีและกลิ่น (colouring and flavouring)

ไอศกรีมในรูปแบบต่างๆ

-เชอร์เบต
-ซอร์เบต์
-ซอฟต์ครีม
-ซันเดย์
-พาร์เฟต์
-หวานเย็น
-ไอติมตัด
-ไอติมไม้แดง
-ไอศกรีมน้ำเต้าหู้
-ไอศกรีมกะทิ

Tennis

Tennis is a game played between two players (singles) or between two teams of two players (doubles). Players use a stringed racquet to strike a hollow rubber ball covered with felt over a net into the opponent's court. Originating in Europe in the late 19th century, tennis spread first throughout the English-speaking world, particularly among the upper classes. Tennis is now once again an Olympic sport and is played at all levels of society, by all ages, and in many countries around the world. Except for the adoption of the tie-breaker in the 1970s, its rules have remained remarkably unchanged since the 1890s. Along with its millions of players, millions of people follow tennis as a spectator sport, especially the four Grand Slam tournaments: Australian Open, French Open, Wimbledon, and the U.S. Open.

History

Tennis as the modern sport can be dated to two separate roots. Between 1859 and 1865, Major Harry Gem and his friend Augurio Perera developed a game that combined elements of rackets and Spanish ball game pelota, which they played on Perera's croquet lawn in Birmingham, England.[1][2] In 1872, along with two local doctors, they founded the world's first tennis club in Leamington Spa.[3] The Courier of 23 July 1884 recorded one of the first tennis tournaments, held in the grounds of Shrubland Hall.[4]
In December 1873, Major Walter Clopton Wingfield devised a similar game for the amusement of his guests at a garden party on his estate of Nantclwyd, in Llanelidan, Wales.[5] He based the game on the older sport of indoor tennis or real tennis. According to most tennis historians, modern tennis terminology also derives from this period, as Wingfield borrowed both the name and much of the French vocabulary of royal tennis and applied them to his new game.
The first championships at Wimbledon, in London were played in 1877.[6] On May 21, 1881, the United States National Lawn Tennis Association (now the United States Tennis Association) was formed to standardize the rules and organize competitions.[7] The U.S. National Men's Singles Championship, now the U.S. Open, was first held in 1881 at Newport, Rhode Island.[8] The U.S. National Women's Singles Championships were first held in 1887.[9] Tennis was also popular in France, where the French Open dates to 1891.[10] Thus, Wimbledon, the U.S. Open, the Australian Open, and the French Open (dating to 1905) became and have remained the most prestigious events in tennis.[11][12] Together these four events are called the Grand Slam (a term borrowed from bridge).[13]The comprehensive International Lawn Tennis Federation rules promulgated in 1924 have remained remarkably stable in the ensuing eighty years, the one major change being the addition of the tie-breaker system designed by James Van Alen.[14]The Davis Cup, an annual competition between national teams, dates to 1900.[15]
In 1926, promoter C.C. Pyle established the first professional tennis tour with a group of American and French tennis players playing exhibition matches to paying audiences.[12][16] The most notable of these early professionals were the American Vinnie Richards and the Frenchwoman Suzanne Lenglen.[12][17] Once a player turned pro he or she could not compete in the major (amateur) tournaments.[12]
In 1968, commercial pressures led to the abandonment of this distinction, inaugurating the open era, in which all players could compete in all tournaments, and top players were able to make their living from tennis.[18] With the beginning of the open era, the establishment of an international professional tennis circuit, and revenues from the sale of television rights, tennis has spread all over the world and has lost its upper-class English-speaking image.
In 1954, James Van Alen founded the International Tennis Hall of Fame, a non-profit museum in Newport, Rhode Island.[19] The building contains a large collection of tennis memorabilia as well as a hall of fame honoring prominent members and tennis players from all over the world. Each year, a grass-court tournament is hosted on its grounds, as well as an induction ceremony honoring new Hall of Fame members.

Vanuatu

Vanuatu (IPA: [ˌvɑːnuˈɑːtu]), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (French: République de Vanuatu), is an island nation located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago is located some 1,750 km (1,090 mi) east of northern Australia, 500 km (310 mi) north-east of New Caledonia, west of Fiji and south of the Solomon Islands.
Vanuatu was first inhabited by Melanesian people. Europeans began to settle in the area in the late 18th century and in 1906 Britain and France officially claimed the country, jointly managing it through a British-French Condominium as the New Hebrides. An independence movement was established in the 1970s, and the Republic of Vanuatu was created in 1980.

History

The history of Vanuatu begins obscurely. The commonly held theory of Vanuatu's prehistory from archaeological evidence supports that peoples speaking Austronesian languages first came to the islands some 4,000 years ago. Pottery fragments have been found dating back to 1300 B.C.[1] What little is known of the pre-European contact history of Vanuatu has been gleaned from oral histories and legends. One important early king was Roy Mata, who united several tribes, and was buried in a large mound with several retainers.
The first island in the Vanuatu group discovered by Europeans was Espiritu Santo, when in 1606 the Portuguese explorer, Pedro Fernández de Quirós, spied what he thought was a southern continent. Europeans did not return until 1768, when Louis Antoine de Bougainville rediscovered the islands. In 1774, Captain Cook named the islands the New Hebrides, a name that lasted until independence. In 1825, trader Peter Dillon's discovery of sandalwood on the island of Erromango began a rush that ended in 1830 after a clash between immigrant Polynesian workers and indigenous Melanesians. During the 1860s, planters in Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, and the Samoa Islands, in need of laborers, encouraged a long-term indentured labor trade called "blackbirding." At the height of the labor trade, more than one-half the adult male population of several of the Islands worked abroad. It was at this time that missionaries, both Roman Catholic and Protestant, arrived on the islands. Settlers also came, looking for land on which to establish cotton plantations. When international cotton prices collapsed, they switched to coffee, cocoa, bananas, and, most successfully, coconuts. Initially, British subjects from Australia made up the majority, but the establishment of the Caledonian Company of the New Hebrides in 1882 soon tipped the balance in favor of French subjects. By the turn of the century, the French outnumbered the British two to one.
The jumbling of French and British interests in the islands brought petitions for one or another of the two powers to annex the territory. In 1906, however, France and the United Kingdom agreed to administer the islands jointly. Called the British-French Condominium, it was a unique form of government, with separate governmental systems that came together only in a joint court. Melanesians were barred from acquiring the citizenship of either power. Challenges to this form of government began in the early 1940s. The arrival of Americans during World War II, with their informal demeanor and relative wealth, was instrumental in the rise of nationalism in the islands. The belief in a mythical messianic figure named John Frum was the basis for an indigenous cargo cult (a movement attempting to obtain industrial goods through magic) promising Melanesian deliverance. Today, John Frum is both a religion and a political party with two members in Parliament.
The first political party was established in the early 1970s and originally was called the New Hebrides National Party. One of the founders was Father Walter Lini, who later became Prime Minister. Renamed the Vanua'aku Party in 1974, the party pushed for independence; in 1980, the Republic of Vanuatu was created.